Freetown is the capital as well as largest city of Sierra Leone. It is a significant port city on the Atlantic Sea as well as is located in the Western Location of the country. Freetown is Sierra Leone’s significant city, economic, economic, social, political and also academic centre, as it is the seat of the Government of Sierra Leone. The populace of Freetown was 1,055,964 at the 2015 census. The city’s economy revolves largely around its harbour, which inhabits a part of the tidewater of the Sierra Leone River in among the world’s biggest all-natural deep water harbours. Although the city has traditionally been the homeland of the Sierra Leone Creole individuals, the populace of Freetown is ethnically, culturally, and also consistently diverse. The city is house to a substantial populace of all of Sierra Leone’s ethnic groups, without single ethnic team forming greater than 27% of the city’s population. As in virtually all components of Sierra Leone, the Krio language of the Sierra Leone Creole people is Freetown’s key language of communication and also is without a doubt the most commonly spoken language in the city. The city of Freetown was founded by activist Lieutenant John Clarkson on March 11, 1792, as a settlement totally free African American, Liberated and afro-caribbean African servants. Their offspring are recognized as the Creole people. The regional Temne and also Loko people were living in villages in the land that ended up being referred to as Freetown prior to the European arrival. Freetown is locally regulated by a straight elected Freetown City board, headed by a mayor, who also is directly elected. The mayor as well as members of the Freetown Common council are directly elected by the residents of Freetown in a political election held every 4 years. The mayor of Freetown is Yvonne Aki Sawyerr, that was vowed in on Might 11, 2018, after her triumph in the 2018 Freetown Mayoral election. The Freetown common council has its very own local police pressure. The area was initial resolved in 1787 by 400 previously enslaved black individuals sent out from London, England, under the auspices of the Board for the Alleviation of the Black Poor, an organisation set up by Jonah Hanway and the British activist Granville Sharp. These black individuals were African Americans, Afro-Caribbeans, Africans, Southeast Asians, and also black people birthed in Terrific Britain. They developed the ‘District of Liberty’ as well as the settlement of Granville Town on land bought from neighborhood Koya Temne subchief King Tom and also regent Naimbana. The British recognized the acquisition meant that their new inhabitants had the land «for ever.» Although the established arrangement between Europeans as well as the Koya Temne consisted of stipulations for permanent settlement, some historians doubt how well the Koya leaders understood the agreement, as they had a different perception of usings residential or commercial property. Conflicts soon damaged out. King Tom’s successor, King Jimmy, shed the settlement to the ground in 1789. Alexander Falconbridge was sent to Sierra Leone in 1791 to accumulate the continuing to be Black Poor settlers, and they re-established Granville Community around the location currently referred to as Cline Town, Sierra Leone near Fourah Bay. In 1791, Thomas Peters, an African American who had actually served in the Black Pioneers, mosted likely to England to report the complaints of the black population in Nova Scotia. Some of these African Americans were ex-slaves who had actually gotten away to the British forces that had actually been provided their liberty as well as transplanted there by the Crown after the American Transformation. Land gives and also support in starting the negotiations had actually been recurring and also slow. During his browse through, Peters consulted with the directors of the Sierra Leone Business and also discovered of propositions for a brand-new negotiation at Sierra Leone. Regardless of the collapse of the 1787 swarm, the supervisors were eager to recruit settlers to Sierra Leone. Lieutenant John Clarkson, RN, who was an abolitionist, was sent to Nova Scotia in British North America to sign up immigrants to require to Sierra Leone for a new negotiation. Exhausted of the harsh weather and racial discrimination in Nova Scotia, even more than 1,100 previous American slaves picked to head to Sierra Leone. Sixty-four settlers died en route to Sierra Leone, as well as Lieutenant Clarkson was among those taken ill during the trip. Upon getting to Sierra Leone, Clarkson as well as some of the Nova Scotian ‘captains’ «dispatched ashore to clear or make highway for their touchdown». At Freetown, the females continued to be in the ships while the men worked to get rid of the land. Lt. Clarkson informed the men to remove the land till they got to a big cotton tree. In March 1792, Nathaniel Gilbert, a white preacher, hoped and also preached a sermon under the huge Cotton Tree, and also Reverend David George, from South Carolina, preached the very first taped Baptist service in Africa. The land was devoted and also christened ‘Free Town,’ as ordered by the Sierra Leone Company Supervisors. This was the initial thanksgiving service. John Clarkson was vouched in as initial governor of Sierra Leone. Small huts were put up prior to the stormy period. The Sierra Leone Business land surveyors and also the settlers developed Freetown on the American grid pattern, with parallel streets and large roads, with the biggest being Water Street. On August 24, 1792, the Black Poor or Old Settlers of the 2nd Granville Town were included into the brand-new Sierra Leone Swarm, yet remained at Granville Town. In 1793, the inhabitants sent an application to the Sierra Leone retail business management sharing problems concerning the therapy that they were sustaining. The inhabitants specifically objected to being provided currency that was only redeemable at a company had shop. They likewise declared that the governor, a Mr. Dawes, ruled in an almost high-handed style, preferring specific people over others when ruling the settlement. The writers then argued that they had actually not gotten the quantity of land that Lt. Clarkson had actually promised them off duty Nova Scotia. The letter revealed anxiousness that the firm was not treating them as freemen, yet as servants and also asked for that Lt. Clarkson return as governor. Freetown made it through being pillaged by the French in 1794, and was restored by the inhabitants. By 1798, Freetown had in between 300 and also 400 houses with design looking like that of the USA – stone structures with wood superstructures. Ultimately this design of real estate, developed by the Nova Scotians, would be the model for the ‘body oses’ of their Creole offspring. In 1800, the Nova Scotians rebelled. The colonial authorities used the arrival of about 550 Jamaican Maroons to subdue the insurrection. Thirty-four Nova Scotians were gotten rid of and also sent to either the Sherbro or a chastening swarm at Gore. Several of the Nova Scotians were ultimately allowed back into Freetown. After the Maroons caught the Nova Scotian rebels, they were given their land. At some point the Maroons had their own district, which became understood as Maroon Town. Native Africans struck the swarm in 1801 and were repelled. The British eventually took control of Freetown, making it a Crown Nest in 1808. This act accompanied development that resulted in the production of Sierra Leone. From 1808 to 1874, the city acted as the resources of British West Africa. It likewise acted as the base for the Royal Navy’s West Africa Armada, which was billed with imposing the restriction on the servant profession. When the squadron liberated slaves on trading ships, they brought most to Sierra Leone, and Freetown particularly; thus, the population grew to include offspring of several individuals from around the west coastline of Africa. The British likewise located 3 of their Mixed Compensation Courts in Freetown. The freed Africans developed the suburbs of Freetown Peninsula. They were the largest group of immigrants to compose the Creole people of Freetown. The city broadened quickly. The released servants were signed up with by West Indian as well as African soldiers, who had defended Britain in the Napoleonic Wars and also settled right here later on. Offspring of the freed servants who settled in Sierra Leone between 1787 and around 1885, are called the Creoles. The Creoles play a leading duty in the city, although they are a minority of the overall Sierra Leone populace. During Globe Battle I Freetown ended up being a base for procedures of British pressures in the Atlantic. Battleships came right into the port to resupply and also German merchant vessels caught in the area were likewise sent there. During World War II, Britain preserved a naval base at Freetown. The base was a staging blog post for Allied website traffic in the South Atlantic as well as the assembly point for SL convoys to Britain. An RAF base was preserved at nearby Lungi airfield. British boxer airplane which were shipped right into Freetown port, were brought on the Sierra Leone Federal Government Railway to Makeni to be constructed and also flown to Egypt. The city was the scene of intense battling in the late 1990s during the Sierra Leone Civil Battle. It was recorded by ECOWAS soldiers seeking to restore Head of state Ahmad Tejan Kabbah in 1998. Later it was unsuccessfully struck by rebels of the Revolutionary United Front. In the early morning on 14 August 2017, after much heavy rainfall, part of Mount Sugar Loaf on a side of Freetown fell down in a huge landslide which drowned over 300 people in Minister community. Logging has actually been condemned for the landslide. Freetown shares surround with the Atlantic Ocean and the Western Location Rural Area. Freetown municipality is politically separated into 3 regions: East End, Central and West End of Freetown. The wards in the East End of Freetown (East I, East II, and East III) consist of the city’s biggest population centre and also typically the poorest component of the city. The Queen Elizabeth II Quay lies within East End. Both central wards (Central I as well as Central II) compose Central Freetown, which includes Midtown Freetown and also the central downtown (Central II). A lot of the highest as well as most important nationwide federal government structure as well as international embassies are based in Central Freetown. Sierra Leone’s Home of Parliament and also the State House, the principal office of the head of state of Sierra Leone, are on Tower Hillside in main Freetown. The National Stadium, the home arena of the Sierra Leone nationwide football team (commonly recognized as the Leone Stars) remains in the Brookfield neighborhood. The 3 westernmost wards (West I, West II, and West III) of the city make up the West End of Freetown. These wards are relatively upscale. The majority of the city’s high-end resorts, a variety of gambling enterprises, as well as the Lumley Beach are in the west end of the city. The west end neighbourhood of Hill Station is house to the State Lodge, the main home of the president of Sierra Leone. Like the remainder of Sierra Leone, Freetown has a tropical environment with a rainy period from Might with November; the balance of the year stands for the completely dry period. The beginning and also end of the rainy season is noted by strong thunderstorms. Under the Köppen environment classification, Freetown has a tropical gale environment (Am) mostly as a result of the hefty quantity of rainfall it obtains during the stormy period. Freetown’s high humidity is rather eased December via to February by the popular Harmattan, a wind blowing from the Sahara Desert affording Freetown its coolest duration of the year. Temperature extremes taped in Freetown are from 15 ° C (59 ° F) to 38 ° C (100 ° F) all year. The typical annual temperature level is around 28 ° C (82 ° F). Freetown is residence to a huge populace of both Muslims as well as Christians, though Muslims compose the bulk of the populace. In both the Christian as well as muslim young people population of Freetown can be located a considerable liberal impact. Like the rest of Sierra Leone, Freetown is a very religiously tolerant city, with Muslims as well as Christians living alongside and also hitting it off. As in lots of parts of Sierra Leone, the Krio language (the English-based creole language of the Sierra Leone Creole people who comprise 5% of the country’s populace) is without a doubt the most extensively talked language in the city. The language is talked at home as a very first language by over 20% of the city’s populace as well as is talked as a lingua franca by a multitude of the populace in the city. English (the nation’s official language) is likewise widely talked, particularly by the well enlightened. The Themne language is the second most popular language spoken after Krio. Themne people likewise comprise the biggest members of the populace of Freetown as well as the Western Location Area. The city of Freetown is among Sierra Leone’s 6 communities and is controlled by a straight elected city council, headed by a mayor, in whom executive authority is vested. The present mayor is Yvonne Aki-Sawyerr. The mayor is liable for the basic management of the city. The mayor as well as members of the Freetown Common council are chosen straight by the homeowners of Freetown every four years. The government of the Freetown Municipality has actually been dominated by All People’s Congress (APC) since 2004. Considering that 2004, the citizens of Freetown has enacted community political elections for participants of the All Individuals’s Congress (APC) by an overwhelming bulk. The APC won the city’s mayorship and also vast bulk seats in the Freetown city board in the 2004, 2008, 2012 as well as 2018 neighborhood elections by more than 67% each. In Governmental political elections Freetown is considered a swing city, as it has a big support base of both the All People’s Congress and the Sierra Leone Individuals’s Event. Nonetheless, the APC has won bulk percent of the ballots in Freetown in the 2007, 2012 and 2018 Sierra Leone Presidential political election, consisting of The APC winning even more than 65% of the enact Freetown in both The 2012 nd 2018 Sierra Leone Presidential elections. The APC governmental candidate Ernest Bai Koroma received 69% of the enact Freetown in the 2012 Sierra Leone Presidential election; compared to the SLPP governmental candidate Julius Maada Biography that received 30%. In the 2018 Sierra Leone Presidential election, The APC governmental prospect Samura Kamara obtained 65% contrasted to the SLPP governmental candidate Julius Maada Biography who obtained 34%, though Maada Bio won the governmental election country wide. In November 2011, Freetown Mayor Herbert George-Williams was removed from office and also changed by council participant Alhaji Gibril Kanu as acting mayor. Mayor Herbert George-Williams as well as eight others, including the Principal Administrator of the Freetown city board Bowenson Fredrick Philips; and the Freetown city council Treasurer Sylvester Momoh Konnehi, were detained as well as fingered by the Sierra Leone Anti-corruption Commission on twenty-five depend on graft fees, ranging with conspiracy to commit corruption and also misappropriation of public funds. Mayor Herbert George-Williams was acquitted of seventeen of the nineteen fees against him. He was convicted of two much less significant costs by the Freetown High Court court Jon Bosco Katutsi and also sentenced to pay a penalty. Performing Mayor Kanu lost the APC election for the mayor of Freetown in the 2012 Mayoral political elections by 56 ballots; council member Sam Franklyn Bode Gibson won 106 in a landslide triumph. In the national governmental and Legislative elections, Freetown resembles turn states in American national politics. As the city is so ethnically diverse, no solitary ethnic group develops a majority of the populace of the city. Commonly, the APC and the SLPP, 2 of the nation’s significant political celebrations, have concerning equal assistance in the city. In the 2007 Sierra Leone Presidential election, the APC prospect and then major resistance leader, Ernest Bai Koroma, won simply over 60% of the enact the Western Location Urban District, consisting of the city of Freetown, where almost the whole District population live. The city has the Sierra Leone National Museum and also Sierra Leone National Railway Museum. Numerous historic landmarks attached to its starting by African Americans, Liberated African slaves, and also West Indians whose offspring are the Sierra Leone Creole people. The Cotton Tree represents the baptism of Freetown in March 1792. In downtown Freetown is the Connaught Hospital, the first hospital constructed in West Africa that incorporated Western clinical practices. Freetown has a long-held custom of arranged cultural occasions happening on certain dates to accompany details vacations or seasons within the fiscal year. One such occasion is the Eastern Paddle Searching Society’s annual event of an extremely innovative masquerade, consisting of an outfit constructed, in a trendy feeling, of various materials available: natural leather, bangles, sea shells, traditional towels, etc. The impersonate, understood as «Paddle», requires to the tactical streets of the eastern and central parts of the city, followed by members of the secret society, typical musical bands and a group of supporters. For many years this occasion had actually been accompanying the Muslim holiday of Eid ul Adha up until recently, as critics state such an event why should i Study business management not be hung on the exact same day as Muslims celebrate Eid, as Islam is versus the practices of secret societies as well as masquerades. The «Tangays» Festival is usually kept in November, with a standard motif that includes practically every facet of Sierra Leonean culture. It takes location at the National Arena. Towards the end of the event, a number of music shows are generally held in the major dish of the stadium, with efficiencies from global as well as local musical musicians (particularly contemporary musicians from Nigeria and also various other African nations or the African diaspora). Freetown has its very own tradition of Christmas road ceremonies, arranged in areas throughout the city. The month-long party collects residents in the streets with a selection of food as well as traditional music. Freetown’s tourism industry is an integral part of the city. Although the sector was seriously impacted throughout the Civil Battle; however, there has actually been a stable improvement over the last few years. The city has a great deal to use to visitors. There is a substantial stretch of white sandy beaches stretching along the Freetown Peninsula. The Lumley-Aberdeen coastline stretches completely from Cape Sierra Leone down to Lumley. There are additionally other preferred beaches like the world renowned River Number 2 Beach, Laka Beach, Tokeh Beach, Bureh Beach, as well as Mom Coastline. The Tacugama Monkey Haven, which is situated within the peninsula’s huge rainforest get, just a few miles from the centre of Freetown, has a collection of decreasing in numbers as well as unusual monkeys. Various other prominent destinations for travelers consist of the Freetown Cotton Tree, located in Central Freetown, a significant nationwide monument and integral to the starting of the city; Bunce Island, which is a boat trip from the city, is residence to the ruins of the slave citadel that was being made use of during the Transatlantic slave labor; the Sierra Leone Museum, which has a collection of both precolonial along with early american artefacts and also various other products of historical value; the National Railway Museum; or you can take a journey around the city’s coastline with the popular Seacoach Express. The Aberdenn-Lumley location is a favourite destination for those venturing into the city’s nightlife. There are dining establishments, bars and resorts located not too much from the beach along the roadway linking Aberdeen and Lumley. While checking out Sierra Leone for the very first time, there are certain cultural specifics you must know. Sierra Leoneans in general are forgiving and also extremely friendly. Sierra Leone is normally taken into consideration as one of one of the most consistently forgiving nations on the planet. Both Christian as well as muslim holidays are commemorated with a comparable degree of interest, amongst other things. Individuals in the city are accustomed to dealing with vacationers with a sense of «advantage of the question» in scenarios where a vacationer falls short to understand a certain method of doing something that is special to Sierra Leonean culture and also practices. Nevertheless, as a visitor, you might discover yourself having troubles with somebody who may have seen you continuously disregarding a certain norm, such as continually ignoring easy rules like stopping working to greet effectively or otherwise being courteous in the typical method. Several conflict scenarios can be prevented by asking questions concerning skeptical problems or circumstances, as numerous people are always prepared to offer you with solutions as best as they could. Neighboring is the King’s Backyard Gateway constructed in stone with a statement engraved which reviews «any slave who goes through this gateway is proclaimed a complimentary man», as well as it was this entrance where freed Africans passed. Down by the Naval Dock are servant actions carved out of stone. Before Freetown was developed, this was where the Portuguese slave investors carried Africans as servants to ships. Freetown is home to Fourah Bay University, the earliest university in West Africa, founded in 1827. The university played a vital function in Sierra Leone’s early american background. The university’s initial pupil, Samuel Ajayi Crowther, took place to be called as the first native Diocesan of West Africa. National Train Museum has a trainer cars and truck built for the state browse through of Elizabeth II in 1961. The Big Market on Wallace Johnson Road is the display for local artisans’ job. The Freetown peninsula is ringed by long stretches of white sand. Lumley Coastline, on the western side of the peninsula, is a prominent location for local events as well as celebrations. Amongst the areas of praise, Christian churches predominate and the continuing to be religious institutions are mostly Muslim mosques. Among the Christian churches as well as holy places: Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Freetown (Catholic Church), United Methodist Church in Sierra Leone (World Methodist Council), Baptist Convention of Sierra Leone (Baptist Globe Alliance), Assemblies of God. Freetown is the monetary and also economic centre of Sierra Leone. The country’s state television as well as radio terminal, the Sierra Leone Broadcasting Company, is primarily based in Freetown. The other nationwide broadcasters, such as AYV (African Youthful Voices) and also Resources Radio, are also based in Freetown. Most of the nationwide head office of the nation’s biggest firms in addition to the majority of worldwide business are situated in Freetown – a bulk of these are discovered in Central Freetown. The city’s economy rotates mostly around its final natural harbour, which is the largest natural harbour on the continent of Africa. Queen Elizabeth II Quay is capable of obtaining oceangoing vessels and also takes care of Sierra Leone’s primary exports. Industries include food and drink handling, fish packaging, rice milling, oil refining, diamond cutting, and the manufacture of cigarettes, beer, fabric, and paint. The city is offered by the Lungi International Airport terminal, situated in the city of Lungi, throughout the river estuary from Freetown. In nearly every area of Freetown there are a number of high streets with shops of numerous kinds of commercial services and products. Store investors are diverse, including citizens and international store proprietors. Freetown (as the rest of Sierra Leone) has an education and learning system with 6 years of main institution (Courses 1 to 6), and also six years of senior high school (Types 1 to 6). Additional schools are additional separated right into Junior additional institution (Types 1 to 3) and Senior high school (Types 4 to 6). This system is called the 6-3-3-4 education system, which means: 6 years of Main, 3 years of Junior Second, 3 years of Elderly Second, and 4 years of college. Primary institution pupils are generally aged 6 to 12, and high schools are normally aged 13 to 18. Main Education and learning is required and also complimentary in government-sponsored public colleges. Lungi International Airport Terminal is the worldwide airport which serves Freetown et cetera of the country. It is situated in the town of Lungi, about 17 km northeast of Freetown across the sea. It acts as the main airport for residential and also global traveling to as well as from Sierra Leone. The airport terminal is operated by Sierra Leone Airports Authority. There is a frequent industrial fast watercraft, bus, and ferry service to Freetown and various other components of the country. Hastings Airport terminal provides second solution, however can only take care of little aircraft as a result of its short runway. It lies about 14 kilometres southeast of downtown Freetown (nearly 22 kilometres by roadway). Travelers have the choice of hovercraft, ferryboat, road (5 hours), speedboat, water taxi, regional banana watercrafts and helicopter to cross the river to Freetown. Ferry is the least expensive alternative. Hovercraft and also ferryboat procedures contend times been suspended because of passenger overloads as well as safety issues. Sierra Leone has the biggest natural harbour on the African continent. Ships from all over the globe berth at Freetown’s Queen Elizabeth II Quay. Guest, cargo, as well as personal craft also use Federal government Jetty nearer to central Freetown. Recent investment has actually seen the intro of sophisticated freight scanning facilities. Sierra Leone’s framework is limited, and its freeways and also roads reflect this. The roadways and freeways of the country are carried out by the Sierra Leone Roadways Authority (SLRA) which has frequently been paralyzed by corruption. Freeway 1 goes into the city from the town of Waterloo, a number of kilometers to the south. In spite of the SLRA’s minimal abilities, primary feeder/trunk roadways have actually been rebuilded to a high standard. The following are arbitrary photos of roadways in the city. Complying with a suggestion from the International Financial Institution for Repair and Growth, the Sierra Leone Government Railway which connected Freetown to the remainder of the country was permanently enclosed 1974. The iron rails were looted in the following years. Like the rest of Sierra Leone, football is the most popular sporting activity in Freetown. The Sierra Leone nationwide football team, commonly called the Leone Stars plays all their home games at Freetown’s National Arena, the largest arena in Sierra Leone. 8 of the fifteen clubs in the Sierra Leone National Premier Organization are from Freetown, consisting of two of Sierra Leone’s most significant and most successful football clubs, East End Lions, as well as Mighty Blackpool. A suit in between these 2 groups is the most significant domestic-football clash in Sierra Leone. A significant Sierra Leonian footballer is Kei Kamara, that bets the Colorado Rapids of Big League Football. Roman Adrian Cybriwsky, Capital Cities around the World: An Encyclopedia of Culture, geography, as well as history, ABC-CLIO, U.S.A., 2013, p. Shaw, Rosalind, Memories of the Servant Trade: Ritual as well as the Historic Imagination in Sierra Leone. Reconstructed by Mohamed Constable, Memphis, Tennessee, University of Chicago Press (2002 ), p. Adderley, Rosanne Marion (2006 ). «New negroes from Africa» slave labor abolition as well as totally free African negotiation in the nineteenth-century Caribbean. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. Archives, The National. «The National Archives – Homepage». Boyle, Danny (August 14, 2017). «Sierra Leone landslide: Greater than 300 killed as roadways become ‘spinning rivers of mud'». National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Baseline climate indicates (1961-1990) from stations around the world (in German). Worldwide Bioclimatic Category System. Akam, Simon (November 29, 2011). «Sierra Leone arraigns Freetown mayor for graft». Kamara, Patrick J. (August 16, 2012). «Sierra Leone: Mayor, Others to Pay Le455 Million or Danger Three-Year Prison». Thayer, James Steel (1991 ). A Dissenting View of Creole Society in Sierra Leone. Browne-Davies, Nigel (2014 ). «A Precis of Sources relating to genealogical research on the Sierra Leone Krio people». Journal of Sierra Leone Researches. Pedestrian, James W (1992 ). «Chapter 5: Structure of Sierra Leone». The Black Loyalists: The Look For a Paradise in Nova Scotia as well as Sierra Leone, 1783-1870. Toronto: College of Toronto Press. Taylor, Bankole Kamara (February 2014). Sierra Leone: The Land, Its Individuals and History. New Africa Press. p. Sylvester Gasopan Goba (August 2014) Sierra Leone Torism: industry overview. International Development Centre. Archived. United Nations (5 July 2013) Inter-religious teamwork can be vital property for reconstructing Sierra Leone – UN specialist. Kansas City Sibling Cities Organization. The Republic of Sierra Leone State House. City of New Haven.