Water jet cutting is a producing process that makes use of high pressure jets of water provided by pressurizing pumps that deliver a supersonic stream of water to chop and form various types of materials. The water in water jet cutting is pressurized to 392 MPa and projected utilizing a small precision nozzle. Because the water leaves the nozzle, it reaches speeds which are thrice the speed of sound.

Pure water jet cutting with water as its medium is designed for soft materials reminiscent of wood, plastics, and rubber. When an abrasive is added to the water stream, akin to titanium, stainless steel, aluminum, glass, ceramic materials, and concrete, cutting becomes more aggressive and capable of cutting hard metals.

Chapter Two – How Water Jet Cutting Works

The water jet reducing process will be completed in several different ways. The most importantity of the strategies have an abrasive blended into the water to blast particles from the workpiece. It’s a very versatile manufacturing process that can be utilized to cut, form, and design a workpiece to satisfy actual specifications.

The shaping technique used for water jet cutting has a number of advantages over different reducing processes, reminiscent of plasma or laser. Water jet reducing has higher accuracy, can minimize complex designs, and is able to chop thermally sensitive surfaces.

The Process of Water Jet Cutting

Measuring Kerf Width

Kerf width relates to the fabric being removed as a part of a slicing process. The term was originally used to refer to the fabric removed by the slicing of a noticed blade. In the case of a water jet cutter, it refers back to the width of the stream, which is often 0.04 inch or smaller. The inside corners cut by water jet cutting have a radius that matches the width of the stream. The kerf will depend on quite a lot of factors, which embody materials thickness, type of fabric, cutting quality, and the character of the waterjet nozzle.

The size of the kerf is an important design factor that needs to be accounted for when figuring out the dimensions of the ultimate product. If the kerf is 0.042 inches, the dimensions of the ultimate part should be adjusted to account for the slicing width or the final part will be 0.042 inch off.

Initial Water Jet Piercing

The first minimize made by a water jet cutter is referred to because the pierce, which is wider than the conventional kerf. The initiation of the pierce is the first step within the water jet cutting process. It may be completed in several completely different ways with stationary, linear, circular, and low pressure being the most typical methods. Which of the piercing strategies is used is dependent on the fabric to be cut and the amount of scrap produced.

Tapering in Kerf Width

Tapering in water jet reducing refers back to the kerf width on the top of the cut and its width at the bottom. Water jet cuts have a V-formed taper, which is generated because the stream loses a few of its energy as it cuts deeper into the material, with more material being removed on the top than at the bottom.

Sluggish chopping speeds produce a reverse taper the place the kerf width is wider on the backside, which is caused by removing more materials on the backside of the cut. The reverse taper will be seen when slicing soft, pliable materials.

Barrel tapers are created when the reduce is widest in the midst of the cut, which occurs when chopping extremely thick materials.

For many cutting, tapering doesn’t matter and can be utilized as a benefit for sure jobs. In the case of precision tooling the place minimize pieces must fit collectively accurately, tapering could be a problem and needs to be taken into consideration.

Pressurizing the Water

A number of strategies are used to pressurize the water, together with linear intensifiers and rotary direct drive pumps. The two types of pumps have a motor, water filters, control systems, and sensors.

Linear intensifier pumps use pressurized hydraulic oil at a pressure of 3000 psi. Low pressure oil pushes in opposition to a piston that has a face area that’s 20 occasions larger than that of the high pressure plunger that pushes in opposition to the water. Since the measurement of the low pressure pump is 20 times larger than that of the high pressure one, the pressure on the larger plunger is intensified 20 instances, yielding a pressure of 60,000 psi.

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