Water jet reducing is a producing process that uses high pressure jets of water provided by pressurizing pumps that deliver a supersonic stream of water to cut and shape various types of materials. The water in water jet cutting is pressurized to 392 MPa and projected using a small precision nozzle. As the water leaves the nozzle, it reaches speeds which can be three times the speed of sound.

Pure water jet reducing with water as its medium is designed for soft supplies similar to wood, plastics, and rubber. When an abrasive is added to the water stream, corresponding to titanium, stainless steel, aluminum, glass, ceramic materials, and concrete, cutting turns into more aggressive and capable of cutting hard metals.

Chapter Two – How Water Jet Cutting Works

The water jet reducing process might be completed in several completely different ways. The keyity of the methods have an abrasive blended into the water to blast particles from the workpiece. It is a very versatile manufacturing process that can be utilized to cut, shape, and design a workpiece to fulfill actual specifications.

The shaping method used for water jet slicing has several advantages over different slicing processes, equivalent to plasma or laser. Water jet slicing has better accuracy, can minimize complex designs, and is able to chop thermally sensitive surfaces.

The Process of Water Jet Cutting

Measuring Kerf Width

Kerf width pertains to the fabric being removed as a part of a slicing process. The term was originally used to consult with the fabric removed by the chopping of a saw blade. In the case of a water jet cutter, it refers back to the width of the stream, which is often 0.04 inch or smaller. The inside corners minimize by water jet cutting have a radius that matches the width of the stream. The kerf relies on a wide range of factors, which include materials thickness, type of material, slicing quality, and the character of the waterjet nozzle.

The scale of the kerf is a vital design factor that must be accounted for when figuring out the dimensions of the final product. If the kerf is 0.042 inches, the dimensions of the final part should be adjusted to account for the chopping width or the ultimate part will be 0.042 inch off.

Initial Water Jet Piercing

The first minimize made by a water jet cutter is referred to as the pierce, which is wider than the conventional kerf. The initiation of the pierce is the first step in the water jet reducing process. It may be completed in a number of totally different ways with stationary, linear, circular, and low pressure being the commonest methods. Which of the piercing strategies is used is dependent on the fabric to be lower and the quantity of scrap produced.

Tapering in Kerf Width

Tapering in water jet chopping refers back to the kerf width on the top of the reduce and its width at the bottom. Water jet cuts have a V-shaped taper, which is generated because the stream loses some of its energy as it cuts deeper into the material, with more material being removed at the top than at the bottom.

Sluggish slicing speeds produce a reverse taper the place the kerf width is wider at the bottom, which is caused by removing more material on the bottom of the cut. The reverse taper could be seen when cutting soft, pliable materials.

Barrel tapers are created when the cut is widest in the midst of the reduce, which happens when cutting extraordinarily thick materials.

For many reducing, tapering doesn’t matter and can be used as a benefit for sure jobs. In the case of precision tooling where minimize items must fit together accurately, tapering could be a problem and needs to be taken into consideration.

Pressurizing the Water

Several methods are used to pressurize the water, including linear intensifiers and rotary direct drive pumps. The 2 types of pumps have a motor, water filters, management systems, and sensors.

Linear intensifier pumps use pressurized hydraulic oil at a pressure of 3000 psi. Low pressure oil pushes in opposition to a piston that has a face area that’s 20 occasions larger than that of the high pressure plunger that pushes against the water. Because the measurement of the low pressure pump is 20 instances bigger than that of the high pressure one, the pressure on the bigger plunger is intensified 20 times, yielding a pressure of 60,000 psi.

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